Method of and apparatus for forging or compressing fluids.



A. BARBEZAT.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORGING 0R GOMPRESSING FLUIDS.

, APPLICATION FILED OCT. 13, 1911. 1,063,636.

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ALFRED BARBEZA'I, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR '10 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATIQN- OF NEW'YQRK. v i

manner) or m) APPARATUS Specification of Letters Patent.

FOR FOBCING QR COMPBESSING FLUIDS.

Patented June 3, 1913.

Application filed October 13, 1911. serial No. 654,441.

citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Paris, France, have invented certain'new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Apparatus for Forcing or Compressing Fluids, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to methods andmachines for forcing or compressing fluids.

Centrifugal 'force has been employed for this purpose, but the object of my invention is to utilize not only centrifugal force but differences of density created by heating the fluid which is to be forced or compressed.

action of centrifugal force upon the denser portion of the fluid is employed to displace, compress or set in --motion the less dense heated portion of the fluid.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an elementary device illustrating the principle'of the invn tion, Fig. 2 is a similar section of a modified construction, showing an operative device, and Fig. 3 is across section of the same on the line 3-3, Fig. 2.

Referring first to Fig. 1, two heads 1,. 2 are arranged parallel with each other and connected by a central-tube 3 of refractory material impermeable to heat. Between the heads 1, 2 extends also an external wall 4 easily permeable by heat. Hollow trunnions 5, 6 on said heads and in axial alinement with the tube 3 render the entire structure' capable of rotation. Any suitable means may be used for heating the outer wall 4. By way of illustration, a burner 4 is shown on the drawing A supply pipe 7 runs lengthwise through the trunnion 5 into the tube3 and then extends radiallythrough said tube into.the annular chamber 8 between the tube and the wall 4, terminating with an open end near said wall. An exit, pipe 9 opens from the chamber 8 close to the surface of the tube 3 and runs out through the trunnion'G to an exit 10. 1

The operation of this theoretical device is as follows: The pipe 7 conveys any desired cold fluid into the chamber 8 where it is heated by contact with the hot outerwall 4. The diminution of density causes said fluid to flow toward the exit plpe 9, as indicated by the arrows w. The chamber 8 there- V shape, and

perature higher than that of the fluid in the T01? becomes filled with a fluid at a temsupply pipe 7, assuming that the latter is as impermeable to heat as possible. The conditions of equilibrium of the fluid demand therefore, if there is no circulation, that a ressure higher than the external pressure e produced in the chamber 8 in order to balance the pressure resulting from the differences between the densities hot and cold, under the same ressure. It will be possible therefore, accor ing to the delivery demanded at the exit 10, to obtain through the pipe 9 either a fluid under pressure or a large delivery, the loss of weight of which in the apparatus will compensate for the pressure produced. If a stream of a refrigerating fluid is passed along outside the pipe 9, the fluid delivered by said pipe will be cooled without modifying its pressure. Of course it 1s necessary in this case that the tube 3 be impermeable to heat in order to prevent the cold fluid from cooling the contents of the chamber 8.

It. will be seen that .by using centrifugal force \to supplement the difference in den sities produced bythe heat, it is possible to augment the difference in pressures. This can be easily effected by rotating. the ap aratus on the trunnions 5, 6 at a suita 1e speed to throw the denser fluid forcibly out of the radial supply pipe 7.

When it is desired to construct a practical apparatus, it is advisable, for the sake of symmetry, radially around the axis of rotation. Since each chamber produces a pressure, they can all be connected either in series or in par allel according to the pressure whichit is desired to obtain. A possible arrangement is shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The heads 11, 12,

the central tube 13, and the trunnions 14 correspond with those shown in Fig. 1. Plates of thin sheet iron 15 are bent into their edges are secured to the central tube 13; preferably by inserting them into longitudinal grooves in said tube and anchoring them by a filling 16 of suitable material. The ends of said plates abut against the heads 11, 12 and are suitably attached thereto. The outer surfaces of the plates are heated in any suitable manner, as forexample,'by means of a burner 24. All the joints must be capable of withstanding a high speed of rotation.

to group a plurality of chambers '90 The supply pipe 17 carries the fluid through the trunnion and the wall of the tube 13 and delivers it near the outer wall of such configuration or construction as to augment the exchange of heat. The fluid is still further compressed in the chamber 20 and passes thence through a pipe 21 into a third chamber 22, undergoing again the cooling process ,in the tube 13., After passing through all the chambers, or so many of them as may be necessary, the fluid finds exit through the delivery pipe 23.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

1. The method of forcing or compressing a fluid which consists ofheating a portion of the stream of fluid to decrease its density, accelerating the velocity of the cooler and denser port-ion of the stream by centrifugal action due to rotating said portion before it is heated, and causing this denser portion at relatively high velocity to act upon the less dense heated portion.

2. The method of forcing or compressing a fluid which consists in accelerating the velocity of the cooler and denser portion of the stream of fluid by centrifugal action due to rotating said portion, delivering said portion at relatively high velocity radially outwardly from its axis of rotation, heating the next succeeding portion of the stream to decrease its density, and causing the denser portion as it is delivered at high velocity to act upon the less dense portion and force it toward the axis of rotation.

3. Apparatus for forcing or compressing a fluid, which comprises a chamber having walls permeable to heat, and mounted for rotation, a supply pipe extending radially in said chamber and having a discharge opening adjacent its outer wall, a delivery pipe, and a central cooling chamber through which the supply and delivery pipes pass.

4:. Apparatus for forcing or compressing a fluid, comprising a rotatable central cooling chamber having refractory walls, a plurality of chambers surrounding the same and permeable to heat, radial pipes in said chambers having discharge openings adjacent their outer walls, pipes connecting said chambers with .said radial pipes, a supply pipe entering the first chamber, and a delivery pipe leaving the last chamber.

5. Apparatus for forcing or compressing a fluid, comprising a plurality of rotating heating chambers, means for introducing relatively cool fluid into the outer portions of the heating chambers in succession under the centrifugal action due to its rotation, a device for heating the fluid in the chambers, means for conveying the fluid from the inner portion of one chamber to the introducing means of the next-chamber, and means for subjecting the fluid to a cooling process in its passage from one chamber to the next.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this third day of October, 1911.

ALFRED BARBEZAT. Witnesses:

H. C. CoxE, WERNER HILDEBRAND. 

